xref: /dokuwiki/inc/Utf8/Unicode.php (revision d4f83172d9533c4d84f450fe22ef630816b21d75)

<?php

namespace dokuwiki\Utf8;

/**
 * Convert between UTF-8 and a list of Unicode Code Points
 */
class Unicode
{
    /**
     * Takes an UTF-8 string and returns an array of ints representing the
     * Unicode characters. Astral planes are supported ie. the ints in the
     * output can be > 0xFFFF. Occurrances of the BOM are ignored. Surrogates
     * are not allowed.
     *
     * If $strict is set to true the function returns false if the input
     * string isn't a valid UTF-8 octet sequence and raises a PHP error at
     * level E_USER_WARNING
     *
     * Note: this function has been modified slightly in this library to
     * trigger errors on encountering bad bytes
     *
     * @author <hsivonen@iki.fi>
     * @author Harry Fuecks <hfuecks@gmail.com>
     * @see    unicode_to_utf8
     * @link   http://hsivonen.iki.fi/php-utf8/
     * @link   http://sourceforge.net/projects/phputf8/
     * @todo break into less complex chunks
     * @todo use exceptions instead of user errors
     *
     * @param  string $str UTF-8 encoded string
     * @param  boolean $strict Check for invalid sequences?
     * @return mixed array of unicode code points or false if UTF-8 invalid
     */
    public static function fromUtf8($str, $strict = false)
    {
        $mState = 0;     // cached expected number of octets after the current octet
        // until the beginning of the next UTF8 character sequence
        $mUcs4 = 0;     // cached Unicode character
        $mBytes = 1;     // cached expected number of octets in the current sequence

        $out = [];

        $len = strlen($str);

        for ($i = 0; $i < $len; $i++) {
            $in = ord($str[$i]);

            if ($mState === 0) {
                // When mState is zero we expect either a US-ASCII character or a
                // multi-octet sequence.
                if (0 === (0x80 & $in)) {
                    // US-ASCII, pass straight through.
                    $out[] = $in;
                    $mBytes = 1;
                } elseif (0xC0 === (0xE0 & $in)) {
                    // First octet of 2 octet sequence
                    $mUcs4 = $in;
                    $mUcs4 = ($mUcs4 & 0x1F) << 6;
                    $mState = 1;
                    $mBytes = 2;
                } elseif (0xE0 === (0xF0 & $in)) {
                    // First octet of 3 octet sequence
                    $mUcs4 = $in;
                    $mUcs4 = ($mUcs4 & 0x0F) << 12;
                    $mState = 2;
                    $mBytes = 3;
                } elseif (0xF0 === (0xF8 & $in)) {
                    // First octet of 4 octet sequence
                    $mUcs4 = $in;
                    $mUcs4 = ($mUcs4 & 0x07) << 18;
                    $mState = 3;
                    $mBytes = 4;
                } elseif (0xF8 === (0xFC & $in)) {
                    /* First octet of 5 octet sequence.
                     *
                     * This is illegal because the encoded codepoint must be either
                     * (a) not the shortest form or
                     * (b) outside the Unicode range of 0-0x10FFFF.
                     * Rather than trying to resynchronize, we will carry on until the end
                     * of the sequence and let the later error handling code catch it.
                     */
                    $mUcs4 = $in;
                    $mUcs4 = ($mUcs4 & 0x03) << 24;
                    $mState = 4;
                    $mBytes = 5;
                } elseif (0xFC === (0xFE & $in)) {
                    // First octet of 6 octet sequence, see comments for 5 octet sequence.
                    $mUcs4 = $in;
                    $mUcs4 = ($mUcs4 & 1) << 30;
                    $mState = 5;
                    $mBytes = 6;
                } elseif ($strict) {
                    /* Current octet is neither in the US-ASCII range nor a legal first
                     * octet of a multi-octet sequence.
                     */
                    trigger_error(
                        'utf8_to_unicode: Illegal sequence identifier ' .
                        'in UTF-8 at byte ' . $i,
                        E_USER_WARNING
                    );
                    return false;
                }
            } elseif (0x80 === (0xC0 & $in)) {
                // When mState is non-zero, we expect a continuation of the multi-octet
                // sequence
                // Legal continuation.
                $shift = ($mState - 1) * 6;
                $tmp = $in;
                $tmp = ($tmp & 0x0000003F) << $shift;
                $mUcs4 |= $tmp;
                /**
                 * End of the multi-octet sequence. mUcs4 now contains the final
                 * Unicode codepoint to be output
                 */
                if (0 === --$mState) {
                    /*
                     * Check for illegal sequences and codepoints.
                     */
                    // From Unicode 3.1, non-shortest form is illegal
                    if (
                        ((2 === $mBytes) && ($mUcs4 < 0x0080)) ||
                        ((3 === $mBytes) && ($mUcs4 < 0x0800)) ||
                        ((4 === $mBytes) && ($mUcs4 < 0x10000)) ||
                        (4 < $mBytes) ||
                        // From Unicode 3.2, surrogate characters are illegal
                        (($mUcs4 & 0xFFFFF800) === 0xD800) ||
                        // Codepoints outside the Unicode range are illegal
                        ($mUcs4 > 0x10FFFF)
                    ) {
                        if ($strict) {
                            trigger_error(
                                'utf8_to_unicode: Illegal sequence or codepoint ' .
                                'in UTF-8 at byte ' . $i,
                                E_USER_WARNING
                            );

                            return false;
                        }
                    }

                    if (0xFEFF !== $mUcs4) {
                        // BOM is legal but we don't want to output it
                        $out[] = $mUcs4;
                    }

                    //initialize UTF8 cache
                    $mState = 0;
                    $mUcs4 = 0;
                    $mBytes = 1;
                }
            } elseif ($strict) {
                /**
                 *((0xC0 & (*in) != 0x80) && (mState != 0))
                 * Incomplete multi-octet sequence.
                 */
                trigger_error(
                    'utf8_to_unicode: Incomplete multi-octet ' .
                    '   sequence in UTF-8 at byte ' . $i,
                    E_USER_WARNING
                );

                return false;
            }
        }
        return $out;
    }

    /**
     * Takes an array of ints representing the Unicode characters and returns
     * a UTF-8 string. Astral planes are supported ie. the ints in the
     * input can be > 0xFFFF. Occurrances of the BOM are ignored. Surrogates
     * are not allowed.
     *
     * If $strict is set to true the function returns false if the input
     * array contains ints that represent surrogates or are outside the
     * Unicode range and raises a PHP error at level E_USER_WARNING
     *
     * Note: this function has been modified slightly in this library to use
     * output buffering to concatenate the UTF-8 string (faster) as well as
     * reference the array by it's keys
     *
     * @param  array $arr of unicode code points representing a string
     * @param  boolean $strict Check for invalid sequences?
     * @return string|false UTF-8 string or false if array contains invalid code points
     *
     * @author <hsivonen@iki.fi>
     * @author Harry Fuecks <hfuecks@gmail.com>
     * @see    utf8_to_unicode
     * @link   http://hsivonen.iki.fi/php-utf8/
     * @link   http://sourceforge.net/projects/phputf8/
     * @todo use exceptions instead of user errors
     */
    public static function toUtf8($arr, $strict = false)
    {
        if (!is_array($arr)) return '';
        ob_start();

        foreach (array_keys($arr) as $k) {
            if (($arr[$k] >= 0) && ($arr[$k] <= 0x007f)) {
                # ASCII range (including control chars)
                echo chr($arr[$k]);
            } elseif ($arr[$k] <= 0x07ff) {
                # 2 byte sequence
                echo chr(0xc0 | ($arr[$k] >> 6));
                echo chr(0x80 | ($arr[$k] & 0x003f));
            } elseif ($arr[$k] == 0xFEFF) {
                # Byte order mark (skip)
                // nop -- zap the BOM
            } elseif ($arr[$k] >= 0xD800 && $arr[$k] <= 0xDFFF) {
                # Test for illegal surrogates
                // found a surrogate
                if ($strict) {
                    trigger_error(
                        'unicode_to_utf8: Illegal surrogate ' .
                        'at index: ' . $k . ', value: ' . $arr[$k],
                        E_USER_WARNING
                    );
                    return false;
                }
            } elseif ($arr[$k] <= 0xffff) {
                # 3 byte sequence
                echo chr(0xe0 | ($arr[$k] >> 12));
                echo chr(0x80 | (($arr[$k] >> 6) & 0x003f));
                echo chr(0x80 | ($arr[$k] & 0x003f));
            } elseif ($arr[$k] <= 0x10ffff) {
                # 4 byte sequence
                echo chr(0xf0 | ($arr[$k] >> 18));
                echo chr(0x80 | (($arr[$k] >> 12) & 0x3f));
                echo chr(0x80 | (($arr[$k] >> 6) & 0x3f));
                echo chr(0x80 | ($arr[$k] & 0x3f));
            } elseif ($strict) {
                trigger_error(
                    'unicode_to_utf8: Codepoint out of Unicode range ' .
                    'at index: ' . $k . ', value: ' . $arr[$k],
                    E_USER_WARNING
                );

                // out of range
                return false;
            }
        }

        return ob_get_clean();
    }
}