xref: /dokuwiki/inc/PassHash.php

<?php

// phpcs:disable PSR1.Methods.CamelCapsMethodName.NotCamelCaps

namespace dokuwiki;

/**
 * Password Hashing Class
 *
 * This class implements various mechanisms used to hash passwords
 *
 * @author  Andreas Gohr <andi@splitbrain.org>
 * @author  Schplurtz le Déboulonné <Schplurtz@laposte.net>
 * @license LGPL2
 */
class PassHash
{
    /**
     * Verifies a cleartext password against a crypted hash
     *
     * The method and salt used for the crypted hash is determined automatically,
     * then the clear text password is crypted using the same method. If both hashs
     * match true is is returned else false
     *
     * @author  Andreas Gohr <andi@splitbrain.org>
     * @author  Schplurtz le Déboulonné <Schplurtz@laposte.net>
     *
     * @param string $clear Clear-Text password
     * @param string $hash  Hash to compare against
     * @return  bool
     */
    public function verify_hash($clear, $hash)
    {
        $method = '';
        $salt   = '';
        $magic  = '';

        //determine the used method and salt
        if (str_starts_with($hash, 'U$')) {
            // This may be an updated password from user_update_7000(). Such hashes
            // have 'U' added as the first character and need an extra md5().
            $hash = substr($hash, 1);
            $clear = md5($clear);
        }
        $len = strlen($hash);
        if (preg_match('/^\$1\$([^\$]{0,8})\$/', $hash, $m)) {
            $method = 'smd5';
            $salt   = $m[1];
            $magic  = '1';
        } elseif (preg_match('/^\$apr1\$([^\$]{0,8})\$/', $hash, $m)) {
            $method = 'apr1';
            $salt   = $m[1];
            $magic  = 'apr1';
        } elseif (preg_match('/^\$S\$(.{52})$/', $hash, $m)) {
            $method = 'drupal_sha512';
            $salt   = $m[1];
            $magic  = 'S';
        } elseif (preg_match('/^\$P\$(.{31})$/', $hash, $m)) {
            $method = 'pmd5';
            $salt   = $m[1];
            $magic  = 'P';
        } elseif (preg_match('/^\$H\$(.{31})$/', $hash, $m)) {
            $method = 'pmd5';
            $salt = $m[1];
            $magic = 'H';
        } elseif (preg_match('/^pbkdf2_(\w+?)\$(\d+)\$(.{12})\$/', $hash, $m)) {
            $method = 'djangopbkdf2';
            $magic = ['algo' => $m[1], 'iter' => $m[2]];
            $salt = $m[3];
        } elseif (preg_match('/^PBKDF2(SHA\d+)\$(\d+)\$([[:xdigit:]]+)\$([[:xdigit:]]+)$/', $hash, $m)) {
            $method = 'seafilepbkdf2';
            $magic = ['algo' => $m[1], 'iter' => $m[2]];
            $salt = $m[3];
        } elseif (preg_match('/^sha1\$(.{5})\$/', $hash, $m)) {
            $method = 'djangosha1';
            $salt   = $m[1];
        } elseif (preg_match('/^md5\$(.{5})\$/', $hash, $m)) {
            $method = 'djangomd5';
            $salt   = $m[1];
        } elseif (preg_match('/^\$2([abxy])\$(.{2})\$/', $hash, $m)) {
            $method = 'bcrypt';
            $salt = $hash;
        } elseif (str_starts_with($hash, 'Bcrypt:$2')) {
            $method = 'woltlab';
            $salt = substr($hash, 7);
        } elseif (str_starts_with($hash, '{SSHA}')) {
            $method = 'ssha';
            $salt   = substr(base64_decode(substr($hash, 6)), 20);
        } elseif (str_starts_with($hash, '{SMD5}')) {
            $method = 'lsmd5';
            $salt   = substr(base64_decode(substr($hash, 6)), 16);
        } elseif (preg_match('/^:B:(.+?):.{32}$/', $hash, $m)) {
            $method = 'mediawiki';
            $salt   = $m[1];
        } elseif (preg_match('/^\$(5|6)\$(rounds=\d+)?\$?(.+?)\$/', $hash, $m)) {
            $method = 'sha2';
            $salt   = $m[3];
            $magic  = ['prefix' => $m[1], 'rounds' => $m[2]];
        } elseif (preg_match('/^\$(argon2id?)/', $hash, $m)) {
            if (!defined('PASSWORD_' . strtoupper($m[1]))) {
                throw new \Exception('This PHP installation has no ' . strtoupper($m[1]) . ' support');
            }
            return password_verify($clear, $hash);
        } elseif ($len == 32) {
            $method = 'md5';
        } elseif ($len == 40) {
            $method = 'sha1';
        } elseif ($len == 16) {
            $method = 'mysql';
        } elseif ($len == 41 && $hash[0] == '*') {
            $method = 'my411';
        } elseif ($len == 34) {
            $method = 'kmd5';
            $salt   = $hash;
        } else {
            $method = 'crypt';
            $salt   = substr($hash, 0, 2);
        }

        //crypt and compare
        $call = 'hash_' . $method;
        $newhash = $this->$call($clear, $salt, $magic);
        if (\hash_equals($newhash, $hash)) {
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * Create a random salt
     *
     * @param int $len The length of the salt
     * @return string
     */
    public function gen_salt($len = 32)
    {
        $salt  = '';
        $chars = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789';
        for ($i = 0; $i < $len; $i++) {
            $salt .= $chars[$this->random(0, 61)];
        }
        return $salt;
    }

    /**
     * Initialize the passed variable with a salt if needed.
     *
     * If $salt is not null, the value is kept, but the lenght restriction is
     * applied (unless, $cut is false).
     *
     * @param string|null &$salt  The salt, pass null if you want one generated
     * @param int          $len   The length of the salt
     * @param bool         $cut   Apply length restriction to existing salt?
     */
    public function init_salt(&$salt, $len = 32, $cut = true)
    {
        if (is_null($salt)) {
            $salt = $this->gen_salt($len);
            $cut  = true; // for new hashes we alway apply length restriction
        }
        if (strlen($salt) > $len && $cut) $salt = substr($salt, 0, $len);
    }

    // Password hashing methods follow below

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'smd5'
     *
     * Uses salted MD5 hashs. Salt is 8 bytes long.
     *
     * The same mechanism is used by Apache's 'apr1' method. This will
     * fallback to a implementation in pure PHP if MD5 support is not
     * available in crypt()
     *
     * @author Andreas Gohr <andi@splitbrain.org>
     * @author <mikey_nich at hotmail dot com>
     * @link   http://php.net/manual/en/function.crypt.php#73619
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt  The salt to use, null for random
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_smd5($clear, $salt = null)
    {
        $this->init_salt($salt, 8);

        if (defined('CRYPT_MD5') && CRYPT_MD5 && $salt !== '') {
            return crypt($clear, '$1$' . $salt . '$');
        } else {
            // Fall back to PHP-only implementation
            return $this->hash_apr1($clear, $salt, '1');
        }
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'lsmd5'
     *
     * Uses salted MD5 hashs. Salt is 8 bytes long.
     *
     * This is the format used by LDAP.
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt  The salt to use, null for random
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_lsmd5($clear, $salt = null)
    {
        $this->init_salt($salt, 8);
        return "{SMD5}" . base64_encode(md5($clear . $salt, true) . $salt);
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'apr1'
     *
     * Uses salted MD5 hashs. Salt is 8 bytes long.
     *
     * This is basically the same as smd1 above, but as used by Apache.
     *
     * @author <mikey_nich at hotmail dot com>
     * @link   http://php.net/manual/en/function.crypt.php#73619
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt  The salt to use, null for random
     * @param string $magic The hash identifier (apr1 or 1)
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_apr1($clear, $salt = null, $magic = 'apr1')
    {
        $this->init_salt($salt, 8);

        $len  = strlen($clear);
        $text = $clear . '$' . $magic . '$' . $salt;
        $bin  = pack("H32", md5($clear . $salt . $clear));
        for ($i = $len; $i > 0; $i -= 16) {
            $text .= substr($bin, 0, min(16, $i));
        }
        for ($i = $len; $i > 0; $i >>= 1) {
            $text .= ($i & 1) ? chr(0) : $clear[0];
        }
        $bin = pack("H32", md5($text));
        for ($i = 0; $i < 1000; $i++) {
            $new = ($i & 1) ? $clear : $bin;
            if ($i % 3) $new .= $salt;
            if ($i % 7) $new .= $clear;
            $new .= ($i & 1) ? $bin : $clear;
            $bin = pack("H32", md5($new));
        }
        $tmp = '';
        for ($i = 0; $i < 5; $i++) {
            $k = $i + 6;
            $j = $i + 12;
            if ($j == 16) $j = 5;
            $tmp = $bin[$i] . $bin[$k] . $bin[$j] . $tmp;
        }
        $tmp = chr(0) . chr(0) . $bin[11] . $tmp;
        $tmp = strtr(
            strrev(substr(base64_encode($tmp), 2)),
            "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/",
            "./0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
        );
        return '$' . $magic . '$' . $salt . '$' . $tmp;
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'md5'
     *
     * Uses MD5 hashs.
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_md5($clear)
    {
        return md5($clear);
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'sha1'
     *
     * Uses SHA1 hashs.
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_sha1($clear)
    {
        return sha1($clear);
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'ssha' as used by LDAP
     *
     * Uses salted SHA1 hashs. Salt is 4 bytes long.
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt  The salt to use, null for random
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_ssha($clear, $salt = null)
    {
        $this->init_salt($salt, 4);
        return '{SSHA}' . base64_encode(pack("H*", sha1($clear . $salt)) . $salt);
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'crypt'
     *
     * Uses salted crypt hashs. Salt is 2 bytes long.
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt  The salt to use, null for random
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_crypt($clear, $salt = null)
    {
        $this->init_salt($salt, 2);
        return crypt($clear, $salt);
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'mysql'
     *
     * This method was used by old MySQL systems
     *
     * @link   http://php.net/mysql
     * @author <soren at byu dot edu>
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_mysql($clear)
    {
        $nr      = 0x50305735;
        $nr2     = 0x12345671;
        $add     = 7;
        $charArr = preg_split("//", $clear);
        foreach ($charArr as $char) {
            if (($char == '') || ($char == ' ') || ($char == '\t')) continue;
            $charVal = ord($char);
            $nr ^= ((($nr & 63) + $add) * $charVal) + ($nr << 8);
            $nr2 += ($nr2 << 8) ^ $nr;
            $add += $charVal;
        }
        return sprintf("%08x%08x", ($nr & 0x7fffffff), ($nr2 & 0x7fffffff));
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'my411'
     *
     * Uses SHA1 hashs. This method is used by MySQL 4.11 and above
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_my411($clear)
    {
        return '*' . strtoupper(sha1(pack("H*", sha1($clear))));
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'kmd5'
     *
     * Uses salted MD5 hashs.
     *
     * Salt is 2 bytes long, but stored at position 16, so you need to pass at
     * least 18 bytes. You can pass the crypted hash as salt.
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt  The salt to use, null for random
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_kmd5($clear, $salt = null)
    {
        $this->init_salt($salt);

        $key   = substr($salt, 16, 2);
        $hash1 = strtolower(md5($key . md5($clear)));
        $hash2 = substr($hash1, 0, 16) . $key . substr($hash1, 16);
        return $hash2;
    }

    /**
     * Password stretched hashing wrapper.
     *
     * Initial hash is repeatedly rehashed with same password.
     * Any salted hash algorithm supported by PHP hash() can be used. Salt
     * is 1+8 bytes long, 1st byte is the iteration count when given. For null
     * salts $compute is used.
     *
     * The actual iteration count is 2 to the power of the given count,
     * maximum is 30 (-> 2^30 = 1_073_741_824). If a higher one is given,
     * the function throws an exception.
     * This iteration count is expected to grow with increasing power of
     * new computers.
     *
     * @author  Andreas Gohr <andi@splitbrain.org>
     * @author  Schplurtz le Déboulonné <Schplurtz@laposte.net>
     * @link    http://www.openwall.com/phpass/
     *
     * @param string $algo    The hash algorithm to be used
     * @param string $clear   The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt    The salt to use, null for random
     * @param string $magic   The hash identifier (P or H)
     * @param int    $compute The iteration count for new passwords
     * @throws \Exception
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    protected function stretched_hash($algo, $clear, $salt = null, $magic = 'P', $compute = 8)
    {
        $itoa64 = './0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
        if (is_null($salt)) {
            $this->init_salt($salt);
            $salt = $itoa64[$compute] . $salt; // prefix iteration count
        }
        $iterc = $salt[0]; // pos 0 of salt is log2(iteration count)
        $iter  = strpos($itoa64, $iterc);

        if ($iter > 30) {
            throw new \Exception("Too high iteration count ($iter) in " .
                                    self::class . '::' . __FUNCTION__);
        }

        $iter = 1 << $iter;
        $salt = substr($salt, 1, 8);

        // iterate
        $hash = hash($algo, $salt . $clear, true);
        do {
            $hash = hash($algo, $hash . $clear, true);
        } while (--$iter);

        // encode
        $output = '';
        $count  = strlen($hash);
        $i      = 0;
        do {
            $value = ord($hash[$i++]);
            $output .= $itoa64[$value & 0x3f];
            if ($i < $count)
                $value |= ord($hash[$i]) << 8;
            $output .= $itoa64[($value >> 6) & 0x3f];
            if ($i++ >= $count)
                break;
            if ($i < $count)
                $value |= ord($hash[$i]) << 16;
            $output .= $itoa64[($value >> 12) & 0x3f];
            if ($i++ >= $count)
                break;
            $output .= $itoa64[($value >> 18) & 0x3f];
        } while ($i < $count);

        return '$' . $magic . '$' . $iterc . $salt . $output;
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'pmd5'
     *
     * Repeatedly uses salted MD5 hashs. See stretched_hash() for the
     * details.
     *
     *
     * @author  Schplurtz le Déboulonné <Schplurtz@laposte.net>
     * @link    http://www.openwall.com/phpass/
     * @see     PassHash::stretched_hash() for the implementation details.
     *
     * @param string $clear   The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt    The salt to use, null for random
     * @param string $magic   The hash identifier (P or H)
     * @param int    $compute The iteration count for new passwords
     * @throws Exception
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_pmd5($clear, $salt = null, $magic = 'P', $compute = 8)
    {
        return $this->stretched_hash('md5', $clear, $salt, $magic, $compute);
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'drupal_sha512'
     *
     * Implements Drupal salted sha512 hashs. Drupal truncates the hash at 55
     * characters. See stretched_hash() for the details;
     *
     * @author  Schplurtz le Déboulonné <Schplurtz@laposte.net>
     * @link    https://api.drupal.org/api/drupal/includes%21password.inc/7.x
     * @see     PassHash::stretched_hash() for the implementation details.
     *
     * @param string $clear   The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt    The salt to use, null for random
     * @param string $magic   The hash identifier (S)
     * @param int    $compute The iteration count for new passwords (defautl is drupal 7's)
     * @throws Exception
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_drupal_sha512($clear, $salt = null, $magic = 'S', $compute = 15)
    {
        return substr($this->stretched_hash('sha512', $clear, $salt, $magic, $compute), 0, 55);
    }

    /**
     * Alias for hash_pmd5
     *
     * @param string $clear
     * @param null|string $salt
     * @param string $magic
     * @param int $compute
     *
     * @return string
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    public function hash_hmd5($clear, $salt = null, $magic = 'H', $compute = 8)
    {
        return $this->hash_pmd5($clear, $salt, $magic, $compute);
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'djangosha1'
     *
     * Uses salted SHA1 hashs. Salt is 5 bytes long.
     * This is used by the Django Python framework
     *
     * @link http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/auth/#passwords
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt  The salt to use, null for random
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_djangosha1($clear, $salt = null)
    {
        $this->init_salt($salt, 5);
        return 'sha1$' . $salt . '$' . sha1($salt . $clear);
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'djangomd5'
     *
     * Uses salted MD5 hashs. Salt is 5 bytes long.
     * This is used by the Django Python framework
     *
     * @link http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/auth/#passwords
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt  The salt to use, null for random
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_djangomd5($clear, $salt = null)
    {
        $this->init_salt($salt, 5);
        return 'md5$' . $salt . '$' . md5($salt . $clear);
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'seafilepbkdf2'
     *
     * An algorithm and iteration count should be given in the opts array.
     *
     * Hash algorithm is the string that is in the password string in seafile
     * database. It has to be converted to a php algo name.
     *
     * @author Schplurtz le Déboulonné <Schplurtz@laposte.net>
     * @see https://stackoverflow.com/a/23670177
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt  The salt to use, null for random
     * @param array $opts ('algo' => hash algorithm, 'iter' => iterations)
     * @return string Hashed password
     * @throws Exception when PHP is missing support for the method/algo
     */
    public function hash_seafilepbkdf2($clear, $salt = null, $opts = [])
    {
        $this->init_salt($salt, 64);
        if (empty($opts['algo'])) {
            $prefixalgo = 'SHA256';
        } else {
            $prefixalgo = $opts['algo'];
        }
        $algo = strtolower($prefixalgo);
        if (empty($opts['iter'])) {
            $iter = 10000;
        } else {
            $iter = (int) $opts['iter'];
        }
        if (!function_exists('hash_pbkdf2')) {
            throw new Exception('This PHP installation has no PBKDF2 support');
        }
        if (!in_array($algo, hash_algos())) {
            throw new Exception("This PHP installation has no $algo support");
        }

        $hash = hash_pbkdf2($algo, $clear, hex2bin($salt), $iter, 0);
        return "PBKDF2$prefixalgo\$$iter\$$salt\$$hash";
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'djangopbkdf2'
     *
     * An algorithm and iteration count should be given in the opts array.
     * Defaults to sha256 and 24000 iterations
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt  The salt to use, null for random
     * @param array $opts ('algo' => hash algorithm, 'iter' => iterations)
     * @return string Hashed password
     * @throws \Exception when PHP is missing support for the method/algo
     */
    public function hash_djangopbkdf2($clear, $salt = null, $opts = [])
    {
        $this->init_salt($salt, 12);
        if (empty($opts['algo'])) {
            $algo = 'sha256';
        } else {
            $algo = $opts['algo'];
        }
        if (empty($opts['iter'])) {
            $iter = 24000;
        } else {
            $iter = (int) $opts['iter'];
        }
        if (!function_exists('hash_pbkdf2')) {
            throw new \Exception('This PHP installation has no PBKDF2 support');
        }
        if (!in_array($algo, hash_algos())) {
            throw new \Exception("This PHP installation has no $algo support");
        }

        $hash = base64_encode(hash_pbkdf2($algo, $clear, $salt, $iter, 0, true));
        return "pbkdf2_$algo\$$iter\$$salt\$$hash";
    }

    /**
     * Alias for djangopbkdf2 defaulting to sha256 as hash algorithm
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt  The salt to use, null for random
     * @param array $opts ('iter' => iterations)
     * @return string Hashed password
     * @throws \Exception when PHP is missing support for the method/algo
     */
    public function hash_djangopbkdf2_sha256($clear, $salt = null, $opts = [])
    {
        $opts['algo'] = 'sha256';
        return $this->hash_djangopbkdf2($clear, $salt, $opts);
    }

    /**
     * Alias for djangopbkdf2 defaulting to sha1 as hash algorithm
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt  The salt to use, null for random
     * @param array $opts ('iter' => iterations)
     * @return string Hashed password
     * @throws \Exception when PHP is missing support for the method/algo
     */
    public function hash_djangopbkdf2_sha1($clear, $salt = null, $opts = [])
    {
        $opts['algo'] = 'sha1';
        return $this->hash_djangopbkdf2($clear, $salt, $opts);
    }

    /**
     * Passwordhashing method 'bcrypt'
     *
     * Uses a modified blowfish algorithm called eksblowfish
     * This method works on PHP 5.3+ only and will throw an exception
     * if the needed crypt support isn't available
     *
     * A full hash should be given as salt (starting with $a2$) or this
     * will break. When no salt is given, the iteration count can be set
     * through the $compute variable.
     *
     * @param string $clear   The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt    The salt to use, null for random
     * @param int    $compute The iteration count (between 4 and 31)
     * @throws \Exception
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_bcrypt($clear, $salt = null, $compute = 10)
    {
        if (!defined('CRYPT_BLOWFISH') || CRYPT_BLOWFISH !== 1) {
            throw new \Exception('This PHP installation has no bcrypt support');
        }

        if (is_null($salt)) {
            if ($compute < 4 || $compute > 31) $compute = 8;
            $salt = '$2y$' . str_pad($compute, 2, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT) . '$' .
                $this->gen_salt(22);
        }

        return crypt($clear, $salt);
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'woltlab'
     *
     * Woltlab forums use a bcrypt hash with a custom prefix.
     *
     * @param $clear
     * @param $salt
     * @return string
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    public function hash_woltlab($clear, $salt = null)
    {
        return 'Bcrypt:' . $this->hash_bcrypt($clear, $salt);
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method SHA-2
     *
     * This is only supported on PHP 5.3.2 or higher and will throw an exception if
     * the needed crypt support is not available
     *
     * Uses:
     *  - SHA-2 with 256-bit output for prefix $5$
     *  - SHA-2 with 512-bit output for prefix $6$ (default)
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt  The salt to use, null for random
     * @param array $opts ('rounds' => rounds for sha256/sha512, 'prefix' => selected method from SHA-2 family)
     * @return string Hashed password
     * @throws \Exception
     */
    public function hash_sha2($clear, $salt = null, $opts = [])
    {
        if (empty($opts['prefix'])) {
            $prefix = '6';
        } else {
            $prefix = $opts['prefix'];
        }
        if (empty($opts['rounds'])) {
            $rounds = null;
        } else {
            $rounds = $opts['rounds'];
        }
        if ($prefix == '5' && (!defined('CRYPT_SHA256') || CRYPT_SHA256 !== 1)) {
            throw new \Exception('This PHP installation has no SHA256 support');
        }
        if ($prefix == '6' && (!defined('CRYPT_SHA512') || CRYPT_SHA512 !== 1)) {
            throw new \Exception('This PHP installation has no SHA512 support');
        }
        $this->init_salt($salt, 8, false);
        if (empty($rounds)) {
            return crypt($clear, '$' . $prefix . '$' . $salt . '$');
        } else {
            return crypt($clear, '$' . $prefix . '$' . $rounds . '$' . $salt . '$');
        }
    }

    /** @see sha2 */
    public function hash_sha512($clear, $salt = null, $opts = [])
    {
        $opts['prefix'] = 6;
        return $this->hash_sha2($clear, $salt, $opts);
    }

    /** @see sha2 */
    public function hash_sha256($clear, $salt = null, $opts = [])
    {
        $opts['prefix'] = 5;
        return $this->hash_sha2($clear, $salt, $opts);
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'mediawiki'
     *
     * Uses salted MD5, this is referred to as Method B in MediaWiki docs. Unsalted md5
     * method 'A' is not supported.
     *
     * @link  http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual_talk:User_table#user_password_column
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @param string $salt  The salt to use, null for random
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_mediawiki($clear, $salt = null)
    {
        $this->init_salt($salt, 8, false);
        return ':B:' . $salt . ':' . md5($salt . '-' . md5($clear));
    }


    /**
     * Password hashing method 'argon2i'
     *
     * Uses php's own password_hash function to create argon2i password hash
     * Default Cost and thread options are used for now.
     *
     * @link  https://www.php.net/manual/de/function.password-hash.php
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_argon2i($clear)
    {
        if (!defined('PASSWORD_ARGON2I')) {
            throw new \Exception('This PHP installation has no ARGON2I support');
        }
        return password_hash($clear, PASSWORD_ARGON2I);
    }

    /**
     * Password hashing method 'argon2id'
     *
     * Uses php's own password_hash function to create argon2id password hash
     * Default Cost and thread options are used for now.
     *
     * @link  https://www.php.net/manual/de/function.password-hash.php
     *
     * @param string $clear The clear text to hash
     * @return string Hashed password
     */
    public function hash_argon2id($clear)
    {
        if (!defined('PASSWORD_ARGON2ID')) {
            throw new \Exception('This PHP installation has no ARGON2ID support');
        }
        return password_hash($clear, PASSWORD_ARGON2ID);
    }

    /**
     * Wraps around native hash_hmac() or reimplents it
     *
     * This is not directly used as password hashing method, and thus isn't callable via the
     * verify_hash() method. It should be used to create signatures and might be used in other
     * password hashing methods.
     *
     * @see hash_hmac()
     * @author KC Cloyd
     * @link http://php.net/manual/en/function.hash-hmac.php#93440
     *
     * @param string $algo Name of selected hashing algorithm (i.e. "md5", "sha256", "haval160,4",
     *                     etc..) See hash_algos() for a list of supported algorithms.
     * @param string $data Message to be hashed.
     * @param string $key  Shared secret key used for generating the HMAC variant of the message digest.
     * @param bool $raw_output When set to TRUE, outputs raw binary data. FALSE outputs lowercase hexits.
     * @return string
     */
    public static function hmac($algo, $data, $key, $raw_output = false)
    {
        // use native function if available and not in unit test
        if (function_exists('hash_hmac') && !defined('SIMPLE_TEST')) {
            return hash_hmac($algo, $data, $key, $raw_output);
        }

        $algo = strtolower($algo);
        $pack = 'H' . strlen($algo('test'));
        $size = 64;
        $opad = str_repeat(chr(0x5C), $size);
        $ipad = str_repeat(chr(0x36), $size);

        if (strlen($key) > $size) {
            $key = str_pad(pack($pack, $algo($key)), $size, chr(0x00));
        } else {
            $key = str_pad($key, $size, chr(0x00));
        }

        for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($key) - 1; $i++) {
            $ochar = $opad[$i] ^ $key[$i];
            $ichar = $ipad[$i] ^ $key[$i];
            $opad[$i] = $ochar;
            $ipad[$i] = $ichar;
        }

        $output = $algo($opad . pack($pack, $algo($ipad . $data)));

        return ($raw_output) ? pack($pack, $output) : $output;
    }

    /**
     * Use a secure random generator
     *
     * @param int $min
     * @param int $max
     * @return int
     */
    protected function random($min, $max)
    {
        try {
            return random_int($min, $max);
        } catch (\Exception $e) {
            // availability of random source is checked elsewhere in DokuWiki
            // we demote this to an unchecked runtime exception here
            throw new \RuntimeException($e->getMessage(), $e->getCode(), $e);
        }
    }
}